Photovoltaics (or PVPs as they are sometimes known) are solar panels. But, unlike other solar panels which are used for heating water, PVP's convert sunlight into electricity.
They work by converting light into power using a thin layer of conducting material (usually silicon) sandwiched between sheets of glass or plastic. When exposed to sunlight, the electrons in the material get knocked loose.
The electrons then flow through the material and create a direct (DC) current. The current is carried through wiring and is converted to an alternating (AC) current which can then be connected to your home's main supply board.
The panels are easily fitted by an accredited installer and, because they have no moving parts they don't need much maintenance once the panels are installed. They also have the added advantage of producing no CO2 emissions.
Photovoltaics are the most expensive of renewable technologies to install, with average costs being around £12,000 for a 2.2kW installed system (a typical domestic property would need between 1 - 3.5 KWs installed).
They also need a fairly large roof area depending on how many panels are needed. They can be very heavy so you must make sure that your roof is strong enough to take their weight.
One other important thing to think about before you install PVPs is the position of your property - the panels work best when they are placed on a south-facing roof, so it is worth considering if this can be done.
Like other types of solar panels, PVPs perform at their best in sunny conditions, meaning that they are most effective at generating electricity during the summer.
More information on cost, planning issues and other aspects of photovoltaics is available from the Energy Saving Trust
If you are considering or have installed a solar photovoltaic panel since July 2009 then you may be eligible to claim payments for the electricity you generate under the new feed in tariff. Levels of payment depend on the technology and are linked to inflation. For more details visit the feed in tariff page.
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