What is climate change?
The term 'climate change' refers to changes in the Earth’s temperature over the last 100 years.
Everyday we hear more about climate change and its effects. We already know it will cause major problems and is likely to get worse in the near future if we do not act now.
Since 1900 the average temperature of our planet has increased by 0.74°c. This may not seem like much but we are already beginning to see some of the effects of this change. Scientists now agree that global temperatures could rise between a further 1.1 and 6.4 degrees by the end of the 21st century - the exact amount depends on the levels of future greenhouse gas emissions we produce.
Scientists also agree that as the planet continues to warm up, we are likely to see worldwide sea levels rise by between 18 and 59 centimetres by the end of the century as the polar ice caps continue to melt. The resulting rise is likely to swamp small, low-lying islands and will put millions of people in all low-lying areas across the world at risk of flooding.
Amongst all the arguments for and against the progress of climate change, it's important to remember that up until now greenhouse gases have been kept stable by natural processes.
Our trees, plants and oceans have naturally absorbed these gases for millions of years.
However, today, greenhouse gases are at their highest level. The greenhouse gases human activities produce are now double the level that can be absorbed and removed by the natural processes that have always protected our planet.
Why is it happening?
Some of the main greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. Our planet is already naturally surrounded by a thin layer of these gases which is acts like a blanket and keeps the surface of the Earth warm and able to sustain life.
A thin blanket of these gases is essential, but as we emit more, this blanket of gases is becoming thicker.
Too much heat is building up in the atmosphere which cannot escape through the thickened blanket of gas. Heat then 'bounces' back to Earth causing the temperature of the planet to rise.
Did you know? 11 of the last 12 years have been the warmest on record.
At the moment we're enjoying some of the changes in our weather patterns such as warmer summers - 2005 was the warmest summer on record. However, these benefits are known as 'false positives,' as they will be very short-lived.
In just a few decades we will have reached a point where shifts in climate shifts will damage life - plant, animal and human.
While it is too late to avoid some effects of climate change if we act now together we can lessen these effects and even turn some to our advantage.
What can we do?
It may seem like a daunting prospect but by working together, even small changes will make a difference.
Here in the UK we're in a good position to give a positive example to the rest of the world. We do need other countries to join in, but if we can show that we can rise to the challenge successfully and make a real difference, others will follow.
Below you will find pages that will show you how little changes will make a big change to the planet.
Advice on how to be more energy efficient, cut your energy bills and information on grants and much more.
Advice on how to save water in your home and in the garden.
Tips on greener driving and the benefits of cycling and walking.
Information on cutting down on food waste, growing your own vegetables and local food.
Advice on encouraging wildlife into your garden and allotment.
Hints and tips on how to minimise waste, recycle and compost.
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